Energy expert says European ‘lives at stake’

A senior US energy adviser has warned that “lives are at stake” in Europe this winter as the continent heads into the season with low gas stockpiles and the threat of reduced supply. Amos Hochstein, senior adviser for energy security at President Joe Biden’s state department, said Russia had “under supplied the market compared to its traditional supplies” and contributed to the highest prices on record. “If you get a real cold winter by January and February, you could run out of supplies,” he told the Financial Times on Saturday during a visit to Kyiv. “This is not just about some geopolitical games. People’s lives are at stake.” A veteran of the state department in President Barack Obama’s administration and former adviser to then vicepresident Biden, Hochstein was appointed last month with his immediate focus on mitigating risks posed by Russia’s Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline. Critics say the Kremlin will use the pipeline to undermine Ukraine — by bypassing it and depriving it of transit fees — and increase its leverage over EU energy supplies. The $11bn pipeline, which will ship 55bn cubic metres of gas to Europe annually, is due to be launched before the end of the year. Ukrainian officials have accused Moscow of deliberately choking supply to speed up NS2’s certification with European regulators. This process is still under way. Russia’s energy giant Gazprom has consistently said it has met all of its long-term contracts to European buyers, but has faced criticism for not making additional gas available at a time of tight supplies. Russian president Vladimir Putin said last week that high gas prices in Europe were partly a consequence of “smart alecs” in the European Commission who had pushed for “market-based” pricing, an apparent dig at EU efforts to increase competition in gas markets where Russia dominates supplies. Other factors have also tightened the market, including a steep drop in domestic European production this year because of the coronavirus pandemic, higher demand for gas over highly polluting coal and Asian demand for liquefied natural gas cargoes. Energy executives have warned that prices could remain elevated over the winter, to the point where some energyintensive industries may need to restrict output and household bills could rise. The US has long opposed NS2, but the Biden administration reached a truce in July with Germany that obliges Berlin to impose sanctions on Russia should it “weaponise” the pipeline against Ukraine or other allies. Biden’s administration had earlier lifted sanctions on Nord Stream 2 AG, the Gazprom-owned pipeline operator. Officials in Kyiv and neighbouring Poland have staunchly criticised the USGerman agreement on the grounds that it provides no concrete guarantees on security, or future Russian gas flow via Ukraine and other eastern European countries. Hochstein spoke during a visit to Kyiv where he held talks with Ukrainian officials on implementing the US-German agreement in a way that would address such concerns, in part by convincing Gazprom to prolong the gas transit agreement through Ukraine beyond 2024